Lebedev S. The Essence of the New Epistemological Paradigm // Studia Humanitatis Borealis. 2026. Vol. 1. № 3. P. 12‒20.
DOI: 10.15393/j12.art.2026.4381
Issue № 3
| Lebedev Sergey | Doctor of Philosophical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Philosophy, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, saleb@rambler.ru |
| Ключевые слова: epistemology materialism positivism apriorism constructivism | Аннотация: The article explores the fundamental tenets of the constructivist theory of scientific knowledge as a new epistemological paradigm. One of the reasons for its emergence was the changing nature of scientific knowledge in two fundamental fields of science: mathematics and physics. Striking examples of this change in mathematics include the creation of non-Euclidean geometries, the theory of infinite sets, formalized mathematical theories, and constructive mathematics. In physics, these include the development of special and general relativity, quantum mechanics, synergetics, the theory of elementary particles, and relativistic cosmology. The process of constructing these theories clearly contradicted the three classical paradigms of scientific knowledge: 1) materialistic (with its interpretation of the process of scientific knowledge as a copying of the content of objective reality), 2) positivistic (as a generalization of empirical data about cognizable objects by thought), and 3) aprioristic (in which the process of scientific cognition was understood as the unpacking by consciousness of the content of its inherent a priori forms of sensory and rational cognition and their subsequent application to the interpretation of empirical data). This article describes the content of a new, constructivist theory of scientific knowledge, an alternative to classical epistemological paradigms. According to the constructivist epistemological paradigm, the main goal of scientific knowledge is for scientists to design and create scientific reality as a cognitive reality maximally defined in its content and then use it as a standard for assessing the content of objective reality for the degree of their similarities and differences, and for applying this knowledge for practical purposes. © Petrozavodsk State University |
Is received: 29 september 2026 year Is passed for the press: 29 september 2026 year | |
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