LEBEDEV S., Fedorov I. Two types of scientific theories: phenomenological and transcendental. Similarity and Difference // Studia Humanitatis Borealis. 2026. Vol. 1. № 2. P. 25‒32.
DOI: 10.15393/j12.art.2026.4341
Issue № 2
PHILOSOPHY
Two types of scientific theories: phenomenological and transcendental. Similarity and Difference
| LEBEDEV Sergey | PhD in Philosophy, Professor of Department of Philosophy, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, saleb@rambler.ru |
| Fedorov Ivan | student of the Department of Philosopy, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, i.fedorov2023@mail.ru |
| Ключевые слова: phenomenological theory empirical knowledge scientific knowledge transcendental theory empirical interpretation scientific consensus | Аннотация: The article offers a comparative analysis of two types of scientific theories: phenomenological (empirical) and transcendental (ideal-constructive) ones, examining their subjects, methods of construction, truth criteria, and practical significance. It is shown that phenomenological theories arise as a result of generalization of empirical data and are aimed at the direct description of empirical science reality, whereas transcendental theories are constructed by deductive description of ideal objects and serve as references for both empirical reality and objective reality. The study reveals principal differences and similarities between these two types of theories and provides a detailed investigation into the role of the empirical interpretation procedure, which acts as a link between the world of ideal entities and observable phenomena. It is substantiated that both types of theories are equally necessary for comprehensive scientific cognition of objective reality, and their truth ultimately has a consensual nature. © Petrozavodsk State University |
Is received: 26 june 2026 year Is passed for the press: 28 june 2026 year | |
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